Sapienza Rocket Team - User contributions [en]

Power supply

2025-08-26T16:29:27Z

Neon: /* Chip Selection */

=== Requisiti ===

* battery protection
* reverse protection
* handles from 1 to at least 3 cells

=== Chip Selection ===
Chip Proposti:

* IP2315
* BQ25713RSNR
*PSC2945
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Chip
!Cost (10+)
!max n. cells
!max charge voltage
!I2C
!balance
|-
|PSC2945
|0.33
|1?
|12
|y
|
|-
|BQ25713RSNR
|0.79
|4
|24
|y
|n
|-
|bq28z610
|1.27
|2
|26
|y
|
|-
|BQ4050RSMR
|0.72
|4
|26
|y
|n
|}

Power supply

2025-08-25T16:43:06Z

Neon:

=== Requisiti ===

* battery protection
* reverse protection
* handles from 1 to at least 3 cells

=== Chip Selection ===
Chip Proposti:

* IP2315
* BQ25713RSNR
*

Power supply

2025-08-25T16:40:53Z

Neon: Created page with "=== Chip Selection === Chip Proposti: * IP2315 * BQ25713RSNR *"

=== Chip Selection ===
Chip Proposti:

* IP2315
* BQ25713RSNR
*

Electronics

2025-08-25T16:39:16Z

Neon:

=== Guides: ===

* [[SMD Soldering Guide]]
* [[Soldering Guide]]
* [[Rework Guide]]
* [[Telemetry Guide]]
* [[Mosfet Guide]]
* [[Power supply]]

=== Open Projects: ===
* [[Ulysses Flight Computer]]
* [[Telemacus Radio and GPS Tracker]]

=== COTS hardware: ===

* [[CATS Vega]]
* [[FeatherWeight Blue Raven]]
* [[FeatherWeight GPS Tracker]]

=== Past Projects: ===
* RTT2 Flight Computer + GPS Tracker

=== Vehicle assembly guides: ===

* [[Minerva 2 Avionics Assembly Guide|Minerva 2]]

Flight Analysis

2025-05-25T10:15:58Z

Neon: /* Minerva II */

L'analisi di volo è divisa principalmente in due parti: una parte pre flight e una post flight. Nella parte di analisi di volo fatta precedentemente al volo vengono studiate stabilità e traiettorie di volo per la sicurezza degli spettatori al lancio. L'analisi di postflight è fatta principalmente dai dipartimenti di [[Mission Analysis]], [[Control System]] & [[Electronics]]. I postflight sono fatti per ogni lancio del Sapienza Rocket Team per paragonare i risultati e portare un miglioramento di sottosistemi esistenti o la creazione di altri.

== Siti di lancio ==
Il sito di lancio è fondamentale per prevedere potenzialmente quelli che sono diverse problematiche dovute principalmente dall'ambiente. Per esempio in un ambiente molto umido e piovoso pu ò esserci il rischio di malfunzionamento di avioniche, sottosistemi di espulsione e potenziali fallimenti dei motori (specialmente quelli a propellente solido). Per quanto riguarda ambienti caldi e afosi, il problema principale è quello del surriscaldamento dell'avionica che potrebbe raggiungere anche i 60°. [[File:Roccaraso .jpg|thumb|409x409px|Aree di sicurezza per il lancio]]

=== Roccaraso ===
Solitamente il sito di lancio dedito ai test è la piana dell'Aremogna nei pressi di Roccaraso (AQ). Ogni volta che viene organizzata una campagna di test viene pubblicato il NOTAM per garantire la sicurezza aerea e viene chiusa la piana dell'Aremogna tramite il permesso del sindaco del comune di Roccaraso. Viene utilizzato come base operativa il [https://www.google.com/maps/dir//Rifugio+Ristorante+Heidi,+Aremogna,+Province+of+L'Aquila/@41.8103528,14.0499332,1409m/data=!3m2!1e3!5s0x132f7b5a26cfca09:0x2038c59829e8184b!4m8!4m7!1m0!1m5!1m1!1s0x133071c083a5b307:0xef8c641c44f18d57!2m2!1d14.0528683!2d41.8098534?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDUwNy4wIKXMDSoJLDEwMjExNDUzSAFQAw%3D%3D Rifugio Heidi] e solitamente vengono definite diverse zone di sicurezza in cui si può accedere avendo a disposizione dei badge che vengono distribuiti all'ingresso della piana. A livello logistico è molto impegnativo perché bisogna stare sempre attenti ad eventuali persone che ignorano i blocchi imposti dal comune o non rispettano le aree designate. All'inizio a ogni lancio si decideva la posizione della rampa di lancio qualche ora prima in base al vento presente. Dal 2024 si sono iniziate ad usare coordinate per la rampa fisse e vengono cambiati esclusivamente l'Azimuth di rampa e l'inclinazione. Questo cambio di organizzazione è stato preso per non sovraccaricare il lavoro di determinati dipartimenti in modo nei giorni precedenti al lanci
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!Latitude
!Longitude
|-
|Ramp 1
|41.81026789935692
|14.057913884830882
|-
|Ramp 2
|41.80743772286836
|14.054911681050582
|}

=== Midland ===
A Giugno del 2025 il Sapienza Rocket Team ha partecipato per la prima volta a una competizione internazionale di razzomodellismo. La competizione in questione è la International Rocketry Engineering Compertition ([https://www.soundingrocket.org/ IREC]) che è anche conosciuta come Spacesport America Cup Competition. Il sito di lancio per Giugno 2025 è stato stabilito nel Midland in Texas e la base di lancio è definita dagli organizzatori dell'evento e possono cambiare ogni anno. Anche la scelta della rampa non può essere decisa dal team ma è predisposta in base a garantire massima sicurezza.

== Flight Records ==
Per quanto riguarda le analisi di volo fatte precedentemente al maggio del 2024 non è stato possibile ricreare un database di voli perché il team non ha mai avuto prime veri e propri registri di volo.

=== '''Maggio 2024''' ===

==== ''Juno'' ====
A Maggio del 2024 è stato lanciato il razzo sperimentale Juno che aveva come obbiettivo quello di testare vari sottosistemi quali gli aerofreni a petalo e una ruota di inerzia. La particolarità del razzo è che è strutturato in maniera modulare per far in modo da avere diverse configurazioni in base al sottosistema da testare. Purtroppo per diversi imprevisti è stata lanciata esclusivamente la configurazione base ovvero senza aerofreni e senza ruota d'inerzia. Il volo di Juno è stato un successo eccetto per il paracadute main che non è riuscito ad eseguire una corretta espulsione che, una volta espulso, è rimasto avvolto chiuso e non si è gonfiato correttamente.

==== ''Caronte'' ====
Il secondo lancio e stato il primo volo di Caronte che è considerato il Cansat Deployer del team. Il payload era stato però improvvisato con una bottiglia d'acqua come lancio sperimentale. Il rientro del lancio veniva effettuato separatamente tra corpo principale e ogiva. A causa di una mancata tenuta stagna tra avionica e sistema di espulsione, si è verificata l'apertura del paracadute main all'apogeo. L'errore non ha causato troppe variazioni nella traiettoria poiché il vento era pressoché assente.

==== ''Beta 2.0'' ====
Il terzo e ultimo lancio è stato BETA 2.0. Un progetto interno al dipartimento di [[Aerodynamics]] fatto per ottimizzare le superfici del razzo. Il volo di quest'ultimo è stato critico in quanto durante il lancio non è stato preso in considerazione il dipartimento di [[Mission Analysis]] e il razzo è andato estremamente vicino alla baita.

==== ''Minerva'' ====
Era inoltre previsto un quarto lancio che però non è andato in porto a causa di problemi tecnici: i grani del motore non si infilavano nel case, il software di bordo dava dei problemi e il vano avionica non si riusciva a chiudere a causa di un errata progettazione. Il lancio perciò è stato rimandato nel mese di Agosto.

=== '''Agosto 2024''' ===

==== ''Minerva'' ====
Per la prima volta il progetto Minerva ha volato. Non sono mancati i problemi: a causa dell'eccessivo vento, il razzo ha fatto un eccessivo weather cocking, il main è stato aperto all'apogeo a causa del fallimento del sistema COTS, il filtro di kalman non è stato caricato su scheda avionica e neanche il sistema di controllo ed infine la telecamera di bordo non è stata accesa.

=== '''Maggio 2025''' ===

==== ''Minerva II'' ====

==== ''Caronte'' ====
[[File:Caronte Blue Raven Maggio 2025.zip|thumb|Dati di volo di Caronte durante Roccaraso di Maggio 2025]]

=== '''Giugno 2025''' ===

==== ''Minerva II'' ====

File:Caronte Blue Raven Maggio 2025.zip

2025-05-24T15:57:18Z

Neon:

Dati di volo della Blue Raven Montata su Caronte durante il Roccaraso di Maggio 2025

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-05-24T12:34:52Z

Neon: /* Rev 2.2 */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
[[File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic|thumb|Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic]]
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

The RP2350B is a dual core ARM-M33 '''or''' Hazard-3 RISV-V micro-controller with 520Kb of SRAM and 16 Mb of external FLASH memory. It has a flexible clock, varying from 150 MHz up to 200 MHz.

It supports up to 2x SPI hardware channels, 2x I2C hardware channels 2x UART hardware channels and 4x ADC devices with 12 bits of resolution. It supports 48 GPIO pins with connection to 3 PIO blocks.

==== programming the controller with a .uf2 file ====
The Stamp XL has 2 buttons marked "reset" and "boot". In order to program the board it must be powered on from the off state while holding the "boot" button.

Once on, the board will appear as an external storage (like a usb stick) on any externally connected computer trough usb.

In this state it is possible to program the board by dragging the relevat ".uf2" file inside the fake external storage. As soon as the file upload will complete, the board will automatically reset and start with the program. At least one power reset is advisable afterward to ensure the board is in the correct state.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulator]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

===== expected Power usage =====
While idle the board is expected to not consume any power.

=== Sensors ===
The Ulysses flight computer mounts a 10 DoF sensor pack, capable of fixing in place both position and orientation of the vehicle at any time trough integration. In the future it shoud be possible to also integrate the GPS data trough the UART telemetry channel, coming from the Telemacus radio & tracker.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Sensor
!designation
!quantity
!resolution
!precision
|-
|IMU
|lsm6dso32
|2
|
|
|-
|magnetometer
|lis3mdl
|1
|
|
|-
|barometer
|bmp390
|1
|3 Pa
|50 Pa
|}

===== lis3mdl =====
This is a 3-axis magnetometer from STMicroelectronics.

===== lso6dso32 =====
This is a package with a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope. It is often referred as the "IMU", or "Inertial Reference Unit".

===== bmp390 =====
This is a precision barometer

=== Pyro Channels ===
[[File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet|thumb|Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet]]
The Board currently host the capability for connecting up to two pyro channels. The circuit is split between a high side and a low side in order to check fo the continuity of the pyros.

We use a VND5160 automotive switch as the high side mosfet because it can limit the maximum current passing trough the channels to 5 Amps. This prevents a brownout of the board in case of a pyro short circuit, while ensuring the proper activation of every channel.

To check for continuity on one of the pyro, the proper high side switch must be open, while the low side must be kept closed. A voltage different than 0 on the "pyro_check" pin should be correlated to the presence of continuity on the proper channel.

To fire one of the channels, the low side and the appropriate high side switch must be turn on at the same time.

Power for the pyro channels comes from the "V_PYRO" net, which can be connected to the main battery or to an external battery with the correct setup of the pyro Nanofit connector at the base of the board depending on the need of the vehicle.

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

===== Molex Nanoftis =====
[[File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png|alt=Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections|thumb|Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections]]
There are 3 Molex Nanofit connector, dedicated to the power management of the vechile and the connection to the Tracker:

* The Battery connector with connections to the battery lead
* The Pyro connector, which could be used to connect an external battery to use for the pyros or could be jumped to use the main battery. A specific connector should be made in order to jump the connector
* The Telemetry connector which brings the battery cables to the Tracker along side a UART connection. The telemetry has the pins already switched in respect of the main board, so no null modem cable is required

=== USB port ===
A USB type-c port is available on the side of the board. This may be blocked during assembly of the avionics bay. It is used for programming the board and recovering file in case of a filesystem in the FLASH memory.

=== Expansion Connector ===
[[File:Ulysses Expansion Connector.png|alt=Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic|thumb|Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic]]

a 24-pin connector has been left open and unconnected to support future expansion to the board or "hacked" solutions to everyday problems, especially when dealing with near-deadline problems.

It exposes multiple grounding pins, two battery voltage pins, a 3.3 Volts pin, the sensor SPI bus, an I2C bus, a UART interface and some GPIO pins, including some with ADC capabilities.

It may be left unpopulated, required soldering to fit any external connection, or may be mounted with a DuPont pin header (male or female)

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

==== Problems ====
The first revision suffered from multiple failures:

* Sensor pad were too small, with no consideration to the solder mask or the pad dimension. Only the IMU's soldered correctly.
* The Speaker had a unconnected pad, making it useless
* The wrong footprint for the USB was used, resulting in the lack of the underlying hole

==== Soldered Boards ====
we only soldered one, the id n.1. It now lives on the graveyard panel in the lab

=== Rev 2.0 ===

==== Problems ====

* Sensor pad were still to small, resulting in low soldering reliability. Every sensor soldered, but we could never get a single board with every sensor soldered
* every NMOS had the gate and drain pin inverted
* we forgot to order the PMOS mosfet controlling the servo
* The Resistor packs filtering the SD channels had the wrong footprint, resulting inverted connections

==== Soldered Boards ====
we soldered 3 boards: id n.2,3,4

=== Rev 2.2 ===
Changes have been made from the rev 2.0 in order to comply to the [https://www.st.com/resource/en/technical_note/tn0018-surface-mounting-guidelines-for-mems-sensors-in-an-lga-package-stmicroelectronics.pdf TN0018] technical note from ST-Microelectronics on the sensor footprints. Also, an additional backup barometer and magnetometer have been added, as they have represented the biggest soldering challenge.

==== Problems ====

* <s>The VND5160 footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of pyro channel n.2</s>
* The PMOS footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of both servo channels (this can be resolved bypassing the PMOS)
* The sensor's CS pins have no pull high, resulting in problems talking to them trough the StampXL. This can be fixed in software.

==== Soldered Boards ====
the n.5 was a complete assembly, lacking only the connectors. An over-application of solder paste resulted in a sensor failure and a short of the SPI bus. rework solved the short, but only one of the two IMU ended up working. The rest of the sensor pack failed to respond to SPI calls. Also a problem with the n-mos controlling the speaker was detected, creating a 250 mA load, and overheating the speaker. This has been solved removing the n-mos controlling the speaker. Another rework bringed every sensor except for the magnetometer back to life. It is now considered a working board.

the n.6 was a complete assembly. We discovered the problem with the pyro channel [n.2] and the problem with the pull-highs on the sensor's SPI channel. Other than some small details, the board result completely working. A buzzer was also mounted, while it lacks a pull low, it is completely functional.

the n.7 was a complete assembly. No further problems were encountered, other than the one already listed.

=== Rev 2.3 ===
the n.8 was a complete assembly. The MPM battery regulator was burned during operation at Roccaraso (2025) due to a wrong external battery connector, with inverted polarity. The MCU is still working and the board is pending repairs

the n.9 was a complete assembly. No fault was detected. This board flown in the maiden flight of Minerva 2.

the n.10 was a complete assembly. No fault was detected. This board is meant as a backup for the competition flight of Minerva 2.

Main Page

2025-05-13T22:57:00Z

Neon: /* Deparments */

<strong>MediaWiki.</strong>

Consult the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

== Deparments ==
* [[Electronics]]
* [[Software]]
* [[Mission Analysis]]
* [[Control|Control Systems]]
* [[Structures]]
* [[Recovery]]
* [[Expulsion]]
* [[Propulsion]]
* [[Aerodynamics]]

== Getting started ==
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/mediawiki-announce.lists.wikimedia.org/ MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Combating_spam Learn how to combat spam on your wiki]

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-26T13:25:15Z

Neon: /* Problems */

Minerva 2 Avionics Assembly Guide

2025-04-26T10:16:04Z

Neon: /* Assembly Checklist */

== Arming Checklist ==
questa checklist è divisa in una sezione prima della rampa (da fare in hangar o in tenda) e una da fare a veicolo su rampa.

=== OPERAZIONI PRE RAMPA ===

==== Prima di muovere e montare il veicolo su rampa. ====
E' fondamentale dimostrare che il GPS ha già acquisito un lock nel periodo immediatamente precedente al lancio (~ 1 giorno). Nel momento in cui il GPS viene acceso da un lungo periodo senza potenza dovra scaricare i dati orbitali necessari a completare le varie operazioni. E' importante quindi accenderlo e aspettare che faccia almeno un lock per dimostrare che il componente abbia scaricato i dati GNSS.Al fine di ricordarsi l'ultimo track il GPS è accompagnato da una mini batteria. Questa batteria, per motivi tecnici, è estremamente lenta a caricarsi, quindi può essere utile lasciarla in carica (connettendo la scheda a un computer) per diverse ore (e.g. un'interna notte). Valori di reference batteria:

2.7 Volts ~ Scarica

3.0 Volts ~ Carica

Ricordarsi di fare la stessa procedura sia per il GPS che verrà montato che per il GPS di backup, in caso di problemi, oltre alle schede COTS. I COTS potrebbero non avere una batteria integrata o potrebbe non essere banale controllarne la carica.
[ ] connect [MAIN] SRAD to battery
[ ] wait for handshake packet from the SRAD telemetry
[ ] wait for the first good GPS packet from the SRAD telemetry
[ ] disconnect [MAIN] SRAD from battery

[ ] connect [BACKUP] SRAD to battery
[ ] wait for handshake packet from the SRAD telemetry
[ ] wait for the first good GPS packet from the SRAD telemetry
[ ] disconnect [BACKUP] SRAD from battery

[ ] connect featherweigth tracker to battery
[ ] wait for handshake packet from the featherweigth telemetry
[ ] wait for the first good GPS packet from the featherweigth telemetry
[ ] disconnect featherweigth tracker from battery

[ ] connect Vega to battery
[ ] wait for handshake packet from the Vega telemetry
[ ] wait for the first good GPS packet from the Vega telemetry
[ ] disconnect Vega from battery

=== OPERAZIONI IN RAMPA ===
Dopo aver montanto il veicolo in rampa.

E' importante garantire la sicurezza del personale in ramp-duty. Parte del team sarà sotto rampa fino ad armaggio mentre il resto rimane alla base per comunicare e operare la

COMMUNICATE ALL STEP TROUGH RADIO
[ ] Ramp-duty officer has one of the launch keys
[ ] Open Avionics Bay

[ ] connect SRAD to battery
[ ] connect Vega to battery
[ ] connect Blue Raven to battery
[ ] connect SRAD tracker to battery
[ ] connect featherweigth tracker to battery
[ ] start the onboard camera
[ ] wait for handshake packet from the SRAD telemetry
[ ] wait for the first good GPS packet from the SRAD telemetry
[ ] wait for handshake packet form featherweigth tracker
[ ] wait for good parameters from the SRAD telemetry
[ ] wait for the first good GPS packet from the featherweigth tracker

[ ] arm the SRAD board
[ ] arm the Vega board
[ ] arm the Blue Raven board

[[ ]] check all systems online:
[ ] check Vega LED or Buzzer
[ ] check Blueraven on bluetooth
[ ] check SRAD LED or Buzzer

[ ] close the Avionics bay
[ ] arm the Blue Raven trough the app

[ ] vacate the area
[ ] arm the SRAD board via radio

[ ] Hand over Ignition key

== > Avionics Green Light

== Assembly Checklist ==
Questa lista di montaggio deve essere eseguita dopo aver già assemblato tutte le componenti meccaniche del vano avionica:<syntaxhighlight lang="text">

[ ] Fix the Block Terminal's plate
[ ] Fix the Block Terminals to the plate

= Refer to the wiring diagram for reference

Left Block:

[ ] Secure the Raven + cable to the left block in position 1 ext
[ ] Secure the Jumper between the left block position 1,2,3,4 ext
[ ] Secure the Vega channel 1a on left block position 5 ext
[ ] Secure the Vega channel 2a on left block position 6 ext

[ ] Route the external cables trough the bulkhead hole

[ ] Secure one lead of the first activator for the Quick Release COTS to one of the Raven + on position 1 int)
[ ] Secure one lead of the firt activator for the CO2 COTS to one of the Raven + position 2 int
[ ] Secure one lead of "Hanzo" to one of the Raven + position 3 int
[ ] Secure one lead of "La civetta" to one of the Raven + position 4 int
[ ] Secure one lead of the second activator for the Quick Release COTS to one of the Vega Channel 1a on position 5 int
[ ] Secure one lead of the second activator for the CO2 COTS to one of the Vega Channel 2a on position 6 int

Right Block:

[ ] Secure the Raven 4th channel on the right block on position 1 ext
[ ] Secure the Raven 3th channel on the right block on position 2 ext
[ ] Secure the Raven Main channel on the right block on position 3 ext
[ ] Secure the Raven Apo channel on the right block on position 4 ext
[ ] Secure the Vega channel 2b on the right block on position 5 ext
[ ] Secure the Vega channel 1b on the right block on position 6 ext

[ ] Route the external cables trough the bulkhead hole

[ ] Secure the last lead from the first activator for the Quick Release COTS to the right block on position 1 int
[ ] Secure the last lead from the first activator for the CO2 COTS to the right block on position 2 int
[ ] Seucre the last lead from "Hanzo" to the right block on position 3 int
[ ] Seucre the last lead from "La Civetta" to the right block on position 4 int
[ ] Seucre the last lead from the second activator to the right block on position 5 int
[ ] Seucre the last lead from "La Civetta" to the right block on position 6 int

</syntaxhighlight>

Minerva 2 Avionics Assembly Guide

2025-04-26T09:09:36Z

Neon: Created page with "== Arming Checklist == questa checklist è divisa in una sezione prima della rampa (da fare in hangar o in tenda) e una da fare a veicolo su rampa. === OPERAZIONI PRE RAMPA === ==== Prima di muovere e montare il veicolo su rampa. ==== E' fondamentale dimostrare che il GPS ha già acquisito un lock nel periodo immediatamente precedente al lancio (~ 1 giorno). Nel momento in cui il GPS viene acceso da un lungo periodo senza potenza dovra scaricare i dati orbitali necessa..."

Electronics

2025-04-26T08:49:21Z

Neon:

=== Guides: ===

* [[SMD Soldering Guide]]
* [[Soldering Guide]]
* [[Rework Guide]]
* [[Telemetry Guide]]
* [[Mosfet Guide]]

=== Open Projects: ===
* [[Ulysses Flight Computer]]
* [[Telemacus Radio and GPS Tracker]]

=== COTS hardware: ===

* [[CATS Vega]]
* [[FeatherWeight Blue Raven]]
* [[FeatherWeight GPS Tracker]]

=== Past Projects: ===
* RTT2 Flight Computer + GPS Tracker

=== Vehicle assembly guides: ===

* [[Minerva 2 Avionics Assembly Guide|Minerva 2]]

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-22T15:24:56Z

Neon: /* Soldered Boards */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
[[File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic|thumb|Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic]]
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

The RP2350B is a dual core ARM-M33 '''or''' Hazard-3 RISV-V micro-controller with 520Kb of SRAM and 16 Mb of external FLASH memory. It has a flexible clock, varying from 150 MHz up to 200 MHz.

It supports up to 2x SPI hardware channels, 2x I2C hardware channels 2x UART hardware channels and 4x ADC devices with 12 bits of resolution. It supports 48 GPIO pins with connection to 3 PIO blocks.

==== programming the controller with a .uf2 file ====
The Stamp XL has 2 buttons marked "reset" and "boot". In order to program the board it must be powered on from the off state while holding the "boot" button.

Once on, the board will appear as an external storage (like a usb stick) on any externally connected computer trough usb.

In this state it is possible to program the board by dragging the relevat ".uf2" file inside the fake external storage. As soon as the file upload will complete, the board will automatically reset and start with the program. At least one power reset is advisable afterward to ensure the board is in the correct state.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulator]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

===== expected Power usage =====
While idle the board is expected to not consume any power.

=== Sensors ===
The Ulysses flight computer mounts a 10 DoF sensor pack, capable of fixing in place both position and orientation of the vehicle at any time trough integration. In the future it shoud be possible to also integrate the GPS data trough the UART telemetry channel, coming from the Telemacus radio & tracker.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Sensor
!designation
!quantity
!resolution
!precision
|-
|IMU
|lsm6dso32
|2
|
|
|-
|magnetometer
|lis3mdl
|1
|
|
|-
|barometer
|bmp390
|1
|3 Pa
|50 Pa
|}

===== lis3mdl =====
This is a 3-axis magnetometer from STMicroelectronics.

===== lso6dso32 =====
This is a package with a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope. It is often referred as the "IMU", or "Inertial Reference Unit".

===== bmp390 =====
This is a precision barometer

=== Pyro Channels ===
[[File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet|thumb|Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet]]
The Board currently host the capability for connecting up to two pyro channels. The circuit is split between a high side and a low side in order to check fo the continuity of the pyros.

We use a VND5160 automotive switch as the high side mosfet because it can limit the maximum current passing trough the channels to 5 Amps. This prevents a brownout of the board in case of a pyro short circuit, while ensuring the proper activation of every channel.

To check for continuity on one of the pyro, the proper high side switch must be open, while the low side must be kept closed. A voltage different than 0 on the "pyro_check" pin should be correlated to the presence of continuity on the proper channel.

To fire one of the channels, the low side and the appropriate high side switch must be turn on at the same time.

Power for the pyro channels comes from the "V_PYRO" net, which can be connected to the main battery or to an external battery with the correct setup of the pyro Nanofit connector at the base of the board depending on the need of the vehicle.

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

===== Molex Nanoftis =====
[[File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png|alt=Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections|thumb|Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections]]
There are 3 Molex Nanofit connector, dedicated to the power management of the vechile and the connection to the Tracker:

* The Battery connector with connections to the battery lead
* The Pyro connector, which could be used to connect an external battery to use for the pyros or could be jumped to use the main battery. A specific connector should be made in order to jump the connector
* The Telemetry connector which brings the battery cables to the Tracker along side a UART connection. The telemetry has the pins already switched in respect of the main board, so no null modem cable is required

=== USB port ===
A USB type-c port is available on the side of the board. This may be blocked during assembly of the avionics bay. It is used for programming the board and recovering file in case of a filesystem in the FLASH memory.

=== Expansion Connector ===
[[File:Ulysses Expansion Connector.png|alt=Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic|thumb|Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic]]

a 24-pin connector has been left open and unconnected to support future expansion to the board or "hacked" solutions to everyday problems, especially when dealing with near-deadline problems.

It exposes multiple grounding pins, two battery voltage pins, a 3.3 Volts pin, the sensor SPI bus, an I2C bus, a UART interface and some GPIO pins, including some with ADC capabilities.

It may be left unpopulated, required soldering to fit any external connection, or may be mounted with a DuPont pin header (male or female)

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

==== Problems ====
The first revision suffered from multiple failures:

* Sensor pad were too small, with no consideration to the solder mask or the pad dimension. Only the IMU's soldered correctly.
* The Speaker had a unconnected pad, making it useless
* The wrong footprint for the USB was used, resulting in the lack of the underlying hole

==== Soldered Boards ====
we only soldered one, the id n.1. It now lives on the graveyard panel in the lab

=== Rev 2.0 ===

==== Problems ====

* Sensor pad were still to small, resulting in low soldering reliability. Every sensor soldered, but we could never get a single board with every sensor soldered
* every NMOS had the gate and drain pin inverted
* we forgot to order the PMOS mosfet controlling the servo
* The Resistor packs filtering the SD channels had the wrong footprint, resulting inverted connections

==== Soldered Boards ====
we soldered 3 boards: id n.2,3,4

=== Rev 2.2 ===
Changes have been made from the rev 2.0 in order to comply to the [https://www.st.com/resource/en/technical_note/tn0018-surface-mounting-guidelines-for-mems-sensors-in-an-lga-package-stmicroelectronics.pdf TN0018] technical note from ST-Microelectronics on the sensor footprints. Also, an additional backup barometer and magnetometer have been added, as they have represented the biggest soldering challenge.

==== Problems ====

* The VND5160 footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of pyro channel n.2
* The PMOS footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of both servo channels (this can be resolved bypassing the PMOS)
* The sensor's CS pins have no pull high, resulting in problems talking to them trough the StampXL. This can be fixed in software.

==== Soldered Boards ====
the n.5 was a complete assembly, lacking only the connectors. An over-application of solder paste resulted in a sensor failure and a short of the SPI bus. rework solved the short, but only one of the two IMU ended up working. The rest of the sensor pack failed to respond to SPI calls. Also a problem with the n-mos controlling the speaker was detected, creating a 250 mA load, and overheating the speaker. This has been solved removing the n-mos controlling the speaker. Another rework bringed every sensor except for the magnetometer back to life. It is now considered a working board.

the n.6 was a complete assembly. We discovered the problem with the pyro channel [n.2] and the problem with the pull-highs on the sensor's SPI channel. Other than some small details, the board result completely working. A buzzer was also mounted, while it lacks a pull low, it is completely functional.

the n.7 was a complete assembly. No further problems were encountered, other than the one already listed.

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-22T15:24:46Z

Neon: /* Soldered Boards */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
[[File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic|thumb|Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic]]
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

The RP2350B is a dual core ARM-M33 '''or''' Hazard-3 RISV-V micro-controller with 520Kb of SRAM and 16 Mb of external FLASH memory. It has a flexible clock, varying from 150 MHz up to 200 MHz.

It supports up to 2x SPI hardware channels, 2x I2C hardware channels 2x UART hardware channels and 4x ADC devices with 12 bits of resolution. It supports 48 GPIO pins with connection to 3 PIO blocks.

==== programming the controller with a .uf2 file ====
The Stamp XL has 2 buttons marked "reset" and "boot". In order to program the board it must be powered on from the off state while holding the "boot" button.

Once on, the board will appear as an external storage (like a usb stick) on any externally connected computer trough usb.

In this state it is possible to program the board by dragging the relevat ".uf2" file inside the fake external storage. As soon as the file upload will complete, the board will automatically reset and start with the program. At least one power reset is advisable afterward to ensure the board is in the correct state.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulator]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

===== expected Power usage =====
While idle the board is expected to not consume any power.

=== Sensors ===
The Ulysses flight computer mounts a 10 DoF sensor pack, capable of fixing in place both position and orientation of the vehicle at any time trough integration. In the future it shoud be possible to also integrate the GPS data trough the UART telemetry channel, coming from the Telemacus radio & tracker.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Sensor
!designation
!quantity
!resolution
!precision
|-
|IMU
|lsm6dso32
|2
|
|
|-
|magnetometer
|lis3mdl
|1
|
|
|-
|barometer
|bmp390
|1
|3 Pa
|50 Pa
|}

===== lis3mdl =====
This is a 3-axis magnetometer from STMicroelectronics.

===== lso6dso32 =====
This is a package with a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope. It is often referred as the "IMU", or "Inertial Reference Unit".

===== bmp390 =====
This is a precision barometer

=== Pyro Channels ===
[[File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet|thumb|Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet]]
The Board currently host the capability for connecting up to two pyro channels. The circuit is split between a high side and a low side in order to check fo the continuity of the pyros.

We use a VND5160 automotive switch as the high side mosfet because it can limit the maximum current passing trough the channels to 5 Amps. This prevents a brownout of the board in case of a pyro short circuit, while ensuring the proper activation of every channel.

To check for continuity on one of the pyro, the proper high side switch must be open, while the low side must be kept closed. A voltage different than 0 on the "pyro_check" pin should be correlated to the presence of continuity on the proper channel.

To fire one of the channels, the low side and the appropriate high side switch must be turn on at the same time.

Power for the pyro channels comes from the "V_PYRO" net, which can be connected to the main battery or to an external battery with the correct setup of the pyro Nanofit connector at the base of the board depending on the need of the vehicle.

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

===== Molex Nanoftis =====
[[File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png|alt=Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections|thumb|Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections]]
There are 3 Molex Nanofit connector, dedicated to the power management of the vechile and the connection to the Tracker:

* The Battery connector with connections to the battery lead
* The Pyro connector, which could be used to connect an external battery to use for the pyros or could be jumped to use the main battery. A specific connector should be made in order to jump the connector
* The Telemetry connector which brings the battery cables to the Tracker along side a UART connection. The telemetry has the pins already switched in respect of the main board, so no null modem cable is required

=== USB port ===
A USB type-c port is available on the side of the board. This may be blocked during assembly of the avionics bay. It is used for programming the board and recovering file in case of a filesystem in the FLASH memory.

=== Expansion Connector ===
[[File:Ulysses Expansion Connector.png|alt=Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic|thumb|Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic]]

a 24-pin connector has been left open and unconnected to support future expansion to the board or "hacked" solutions to everyday problems, especially when dealing with near-deadline problems.

It exposes multiple grounding pins, two battery voltage pins, a 3.3 Volts pin, the sensor SPI bus, an I2C bus, a UART interface and some GPIO pins, including some with ADC capabilities.

It may be left unpopulated, required soldering to fit any external connection, or may be mounted with a DuPont pin header (male or female)

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

==== Problems ====
The first revision suffered from multiple failures:

* Sensor pad were too small, with no consideration to the solder mask or the pad dimension. Only the IMU's soldered correctly.
* The Speaker had a unconnected pad, making it useless
* The wrong footprint for the USB was used, resulting in the lack of the underlying hole

==== Soldered Boards ====
we only soldered one, the id n.1. It now lives on the graveyard panel in the lab

=== Rev 2.0 ===

==== Problems ====

* Sensor pad were still to small, resulting in low soldering reliability. Every sensor soldered, but we could never get a single board with every sensor soldered
* every NMOS had the gate and drain pin inverted
* we forgot to order the PMOS mosfet controlling the servo
* The Resistor packs filtering the SD channels had the wrong footprint, resulting inverted connections

==== Soldered Boards ====
we soldered 3 boards: id n.2,3,4

=== Rev 2.2 ===
Changes have been made from the rev 2.0 in order to comply to the [https://www.st.com/resource/en/technical_note/tn0018-surface-mounting-guidelines-for-mems-sensors-in-an-lga-package-stmicroelectronics.pdf TN0018] technical note from ST-Microelectronics on the sensor footprints. Also, an additional backup barometer and magnetometer have been added, as they have represented the biggest soldering challenge.

==== Problems ====

* The VND5160 footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of pyro channel n.2
* The PMOS footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of both servo channels (this can be resolved bypassing the PMOS)
* The sensor's CS pins have no pull high, resulting in problems talking to them trough the StampXL. This can be fixed in software.

==== Soldered Boards ====
the n.5 was a complete assembly, lacking only the connectors. An over-application of solder paste resulted in a sensor failure and a short of the SPI bus. rework solved the short, but only one of the two IMU ended up working. The rest of the sensor pack failed to respond to SPI calls. Also a problem with the n-mos controlling the speaker was detected, creating a 250 mA load, and overheating the speaker. This has been solved removing the n-mos controlling the speaker. Another rework bringed every sensor except for the magnetometer back to life. It is now considered a working board.

the n.6 was a complete assembly. We discovered the problem with the pyro channel [n.2] and the problem with the pull-highs on the sensor's SPI channel. Other than some small details, the board result completely working. A buzzer was also mounted, while it lacks a pull low, it is completely functional.

the n.6 was a complete assembly. No further problems were encountered, other than the one already listed.

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-22T15:24:07Z

Neon: /* Soldered Boards */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
[[File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic|thumb|Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic]]
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

The RP2350B is a dual core ARM-M33 '''or''' Hazard-3 RISV-V micro-controller with 520Kb of SRAM and 16 Mb of external FLASH memory. It has a flexible clock, varying from 150 MHz up to 200 MHz.

It supports up to 2x SPI hardware channels, 2x I2C hardware channels 2x UART hardware channels and 4x ADC devices with 12 bits of resolution. It supports 48 GPIO pins with connection to 3 PIO blocks.

==== programming the controller with a .uf2 file ====
The Stamp XL has 2 buttons marked "reset" and "boot". In order to program the board it must be powered on from the off state while holding the "boot" button.

Once on, the board will appear as an external storage (like a usb stick) on any externally connected computer trough usb.

In this state it is possible to program the board by dragging the relevat ".uf2" file inside the fake external storage. As soon as the file upload will complete, the board will automatically reset and start with the program. At least one power reset is advisable afterward to ensure the board is in the correct state.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulator]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

===== expected Power usage =====
While idle the board is expected to not consume any power.

=== Sensors ===
The Ulysses flight computer mounts a 10 DoF sensor pack, capable of fixing in place both position and orientation of the vehicle at any time trough integration. In the future it shoud be possible to also integrate the GPS data trough the UART telemetry channel, coming from the Telemacus radio & tracker.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Sensor
!designation
!quantity
!resolution
!precision
|-
|IMU
|lsm6dso32
|2
|
|
|-
|magnetometer
|lis3mdl
|1
|
|
|-
|barometer
|bmp390
|1
|3 Pa
|50 Pa
|}

===== lis3mdl =====
This is a 3-axis magnetometer from STMicroelectronics.

===== lso6dso32 =====
This is a package with a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope. It is often referred as the "IMU", or "Inertial Reference Unit".

===== bmp390 =====
This is a precision barometer

=== Pyro Channels ===
[[File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet|thumb|Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet]]
The Board currently host the capability for connecting up to two pyro channels. The circuit is split between a high side and a low side in order to check fo the continuity of the pyros.

We use a VND5160 automotive switch as the high side mosfet because it can limit the maximum current passing trough the channels to 5 Amps. This prevents a brownout of the board in case of a pyro short circuit, while ensuring the proper activation of every channel.

To check for continuity on one of the pyro, the proper high side switch must be open, while the low side must be kept closed. A voltage different than 0 on the "pyro_check" pin should be correlated to the presence of continuity on the proper channel.

To fire one of the channels, the low side and the appropriate high side switch must be turn on at the same time.

Power for the pyro channels comes from the "V_PYRO" net, which can be connected to the main battery or to an external battery with the correct setup of the pyro Nanofit connector at the base of the board depending on the need of the vehicle.

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

===== Molex Nanoftis =====
[[File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png|alt=Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections|thumb|Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections]]
There are 3 Molex Nanofit connector, dedicated to the power management of the vechile and the connection to the Tracker:

* The Battery connector with connections to the battery lead
* The Pyro connector, which could be used to connect an external battery to use for the pyros or could be jumped to use the main battery. A specific connector should be made in order to jump the connector
* The Telemetry connector which brings the battery cables to the Tracker along side a UART connection. The telemetry has the pins already switched in respect of the main board, so no null modem cable is required

=== USB port ===
A USB type-c port is available on the side of the board. This may be blocked during assembly of the avionics bay. It is used for programming the board and recovering file in case of a filesystem in the FLASH memory.

=== Expansion Connector ===
[[File:Ulysses Expansion Connector.png|alt=Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic|thumb|Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic]]

a 24-pin connector has been left open and unconnected to support future expansion to the board or "hacked" solutions to everyday problems, especially when dealing with near-deadline problems.

It exposes multiple grounding pins, two battery voltage pins, a 3.3 Volts pin, the sensor SPI bus, an I2C bus, a UART interface and some GPIO pins, including some with ADC capabilities.

It may be left unpopulated, required soldering to fit any external connection, or may be mounted with a DuPont pin header (male or female)

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

==== Problems ====
The first revision suffered from multiple failures:

* Sensor pad were too small, with no consideration to the solder mask or the pad dimension. Only the IMU's soldered correctly.
* The Speaker had a unconnected pad, making it useless
* The wrong footprint for the USB was used, resulting in the lack of the underlying hole

==== Soldered Boards ====
we only soldered one, the id n.1. It now lives on the graveyard panel in the lab

=== Rev 2.0 ===

==== Problems ====

* Sensor pad were still to small, resulting in low soldering reliability. Every sensor soldered, but we could never get a single board with every sensor soldered
* every NMOS had the gate and drain pin inverted
* we forgot to order the PMOS mosfet controlling the servo
* The Resistor packs filtering the SD channels had the wrong footprint, resulting inverted connections

==== Soldered Boards ====
we soldered 3 boards: id n.2,3,4

=== Rev 2.2 ===
Changes have been made from the rev 2.0 in order to comply to the [https://www.st.com/resource/en/technical_note/tn0018-surface-mounting-guidelines-for-mems-sensors-in-an-lga-package-stmicroelectronics.pdf TN0018] technical note from ST-Microelectronics on the sensor footprints. Also, an additional backup barometer and magnetometer have been added, as they have represented the biggest soldering challenge.

==== Problems ====

* The VND5160 footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of pyro channel n.2
* The PMOS footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of both servo channels (this can be resolved bypassing the PMOS)
* The sensor's CS pins have no pull high, resulting in problems talking to them trough the StampXL. This can be fixed in software.

==== Soldered Boards ====
the n.5 was a complete assembly, lacking only the connectors. An over-application of solder paste resulted in a sensor failure and a short of the SPI bus. rework solved the short, but only one of the two IMU ended up working. The rest of the sensor pack failed to respond to SPI calls. Also a problem with the n-mos controlling the speaker was detected, creating a 250 mA load, and overheating the speaker. This has been solved removing the n-mos controlling the speaker. Another rework bringed every sensor except for the magnetometer back to life. It is now considered a working board.

the n.6 was a complete assembly. We discovered the problem with the pyro channel [n.2] and the problem with the pull-highs on the sensor's SPI channel. Other than some small details, the board result completely working. A buzzer was also mounted, while it lacks a pull low, it is completely functional.

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-17T17:37:31Z

Neon: /* Soldered Boards */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
[[File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic|thumb|Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic]]
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

The RP2350B is a dual core ARM-M33 '''or''' Hazard-3 RISV-V micro-controller with 520Kb of SRAM and 16 Mb of external FLASH memory. It has a flexible clock, varying from 150 MHz up to 200 MHz.

It supports up to 2x SPI hardware channels, 2x I2C hardware channels 2x UART hardware channels and 4x ADC devices with 12 bits of resolution. It supports 48 GPIO pins with connection to 3 PIO blocks.

==== programming the controller with a .uf2 file ====
The Stamp XL has 2 buttons marked "reset" and "boot". In order to program the board it must be powered on from the off state while holding the "boot" button.

Once on, the board will appear as an external storage (like a usb stick) on any externally connected computer trough usb.

In this state it is possible to program the board by dragging the relevat ".uf2" file inside the fake external storage. As soon as the file upload will complete, the board will automatically reset and start with the program. At least one power reset is advisable afterward to ensure the board is in the correct state.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulator]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

===== expected Power usage =====
While idle the board is expected to not consume any power.

=== Sensors ===
The Ulysses flight computer mounts a 10 DoF sensor pack, capable of fixing in place both position and orientation of the vehicle at any time trough integration. In the future it shoud be possible to also integrate the GPS data trough the UART telemetry channel, coming from the Telemacus radio & tracker.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Sensor
!designation
!quantity
!resolution
!precision
|-
|IMU
|lsm6dso32
|2
|
|
|-
|magnetometer
|lis3mdl
|1
|
|
|-
|barometer
|bmp390
|1
|3 Pa
|50 Pa
|}

===== lis3mdl =====
This is a 3-axis magnetometer from STMicroelectronics.

===== lso6dso32 =====
This is a package with a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope. It is often referred as the "IMU", or "Inertial Reference Unit".

===== bmp390 =====
This is a precision barometer

=== Pyro Channels ===
[[File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet|thumb|Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet]]
The Board currently host the capability for connecting up to two pyro channels. The circuit is split between a high side and a low side in order to check fo the continuity of the pyros.

We use a VND5160 automotive switch as the high side mosfet because it can limit the maximum current passing trough the channels to 5 Amps. This prevents a brownout of the board in case of a pyro short circuit, while ensuring the proper activation of every channel.

To check for continuity on one of the pyro, the proper high side switch must be open, while the low side must be kept closed. A voltage different than 0 on the "pyro_check" pin should be correlated to the presence of continuity on the proper channel.

To fire one of the channels, the low side and the appropriate high side switch must be turn on at the same time.

Power for the pyro channels comes from the "V_PYRO" net, which can be connected to the main battery or to an external battery with the correct setup of the pyro Nanofit connector at the base of the board depending on the need of the vehicle.

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

===== Molex Nanoftis =====
[[File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png|alt=Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections|thumb|Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections]]
There are 3 Molex Nanofit connector, dedicated to the power management of the vechile and the connection to the Tracker:

* The Battery connector with connections to the battery lead
* The Pyro connector, which could be used to connect an external battery to use for the pyros or could be jumped to use the main battery. A specific connector should be made in order to jump the connector
* The Telemetry connector which brings the battery cables to the Tracker along side a UART connection. The telemetry has the pins already switched in respect of the main board, so no null modem cable is required

=== USB port ===
A USB type-c port is available on the side of the board. This may be blocked during assembly of the avionics bay. It is used for programming the board and recovering file in case of a filesystem in the FLASH memory.

=== Expansion Connector ===
[[File:Ulysses Expansion Connector.png|alt=Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic|thumb|Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic]]

a 24-pin connector has been left open and unconnected to support future expansion to the board or "hacked" solutions to everyday problems, especially when dealing with near-deadline problems.

It exposes multiple grounding pins, two battery voltage pins, a 3.3 Volts pin, the sensor SPI bus, an I2C bus, a UART interface and some GPIO pins, including some with ADC capabilities.

It may be left unpopulated, required soldering to fit any external connection, or may be mounted with a DuPont pin header (male or female)

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

==== Problems ====
The first revision suffered from multiple failures:

* Sensor pad were too small, with no consideration to the solder mask or the pad dimension. Only the IMU's soldered correctly.
* The Speaker had a unconnected pad, making it useless
* The wrong footprint for the USB was used, resulting in the lack of the underlying hole

==== Soldered Boards ====
we only soldered one, the id n.1. It now lives on the graveyard panel in the lab

=== Rev 2.0 ===

==== Problems ====

* Sensor pad were still to small, resulting in low soldering reliability. Every sensor soldered, but we could never get a single board with every sensor soldered
* every NMOS had the gate and drain pin inverted
* we forgot to order the PMOS mosfet controlling the servo
* The Resistor packs filtering the SD channels had the wrong footprint, resulting inverted connections

==== Soldered Boards ====
we soldered 3 boards: id n.2,3,4

=== Rev 2.2 ===
Changes have been made from the rev 2.0 in order to comply to the [https://www.st.com/resource/en/technical_note/tn0018-surface-mounting-guidelines-for-mems-sensors-in-an-lga-package-stmicroelectronics.pdf TN0018] technical note from ST-Microelectronics on the sensor footprints. Also, an additional backup barometer and magnetometer have been added, as they have represented the biggest soldering challenge.

==== Problems ====

* The VND5160 footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of pyro channel n.2
* The PMOS footprint is wrong, resulting in the lack of both servo channels (this can be resolved bypassing the PMOS)
* The sensor's CS pins have no pull high, resulting in problems talking to them trough the StampXL. This can be fixed in software.

==== Soldered Boards ====
the n.5 was a complete assembly, lacking only the connectors. An over-application of solder paste resulted in a sensor failure and a short of the SPI bus. rework solved the short, but only one of the two IMU ended up working. The rest of the sensor pack failed to respond to SPI calls. Also a problem with the n-mos controlling the speaker was detected, creating a 250 mA load, and overheating the speaker. This has been solved removing the n-mos controlling the speaker.

the n.6 was a complete assembly. We discovered the problem with the pyro channel [n.2] and the problem with the pull-highs on the sensor's SPI channel. Other than some small details, the board result completely working. A buzzer was also mounted, while it lacks a pull low, it is completely functional.

CATS Vega

2025-04-16T10:47:38Z

Neon: /* Power Consumption: */

=== Useful links: ===

* https://www.catsystems.io/vega
* https://www.catsystems.io/downloads
* [https://discord.gg/r7ErmSNvsy Support via Discord]

=== Power Consumption: ===

* With telemetry enabled:
* WithOut telemetry enabled: 22 mA

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-15T09:47:51Z

Neon: /* Sensors */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
[[File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic|thumb|Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic]]
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

The RP2350B is a dual core ARM-M33 '''or''' Hazard-3 RISV-V micro-controller with 520Kb of SRAM and 16 Mb of external FLASH memory. It has a flexible clock, varying from 150 MHz up to 200 MHz.

It supports up to 2x SPI hardware channels, 2x I2C hardware channels 2x UART hardware channels and 4x ADC devices with 12 bits of resolution. It supports 48 GPIO pins with connection to 3 PIO blocks.

==== programming the controller with a .uf2 file ====
The Stamp XL has 2 buttons marked "reset" and "boot". In order to program the board it must be powered on from the off state while holding the "boot" button.

Once on, the board will appear as an external storage (like a usb stick) on any externally connected computer trough usb.

In this state it is possible to program the board by dragging the relevat ".uf2" file inside the fake external storage. As soon as the file upload will complete, the board will automatically reset and start with the program. At least one power reset is advisable afterward to ensure the board is in the correct state.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulator]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

===== expected Power usage =====
While idle the board is expected to not consume any power.

=== Sensors ===
The Ulysses flight computer mounts a 10 DoF sensor pack, capable of fixing in place both position and orientation of the vehicle at any time trough integration. In the future it shoud be possible to also integrate the GPS data trough the UART telemetry channel, coming from the Telemacus radio & tracker.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Sensor
!designation
!quantity
!resolution
!precision
|-
|IMU
|lsm6dso32
|2
|
|
|-
|magnetometer
|lis3mdl
|1
|
|
|-
|barometer
|bmp390
|1
|3 Pa
|50 Pa
|}

===== lis3mdl =====
This is a 3-axis magnetometer from STMicroelectronics.

===== lso6dso32 =====
This is a package with a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope. It is often referred as the "IMU", or "Inertial Reference Unit".

===== bmp390 =====
This is a precision barometer

=== Pyro Channels ===
[[File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet|thumb|Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet]]
The Board currently host the capability for connecting up to two pyro channels. The circuit is split between a high side and a low side in order to check fo the continuity of the pyros.

We use a VND5160 automotive switch as the high side mosfet because it can limit the maximum current passing trough the channels to 5 Amps. This prevents a brownout of the board in case of a pyro short circuit, while ensuring the proper activation of every channel.

To check for continuity on one of the pyro, the proper high side switch must be open, while the low side must be kept closed. A voltage different than 0 on the "pyro_check" pin should be correlated to the presence of continuity on the proper channel.

To fire one of the channels, the low side and the appropriate high side switch must be turn on at the same time.

Power for the pyro channels comes from the "V_PYRO" net, which can be connected to the main battery or to an external battery with the correct setup of the pyro Nanofit connector at the base of the board depending on the need of the vehicle.

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

===== Molex Nanoftis =====
[[File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png|alt=Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections|thumb|Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections]]
There are 3 Molex Nanofit connector, dedicated to the power management of the vechile and the connection to the Tracker:

* The Battery connector with connections to the battery lead
* The Pyro connector, which could be used to connect an external battery to use for the pyros or could be jumped to use the main battery. A specific connector should be made in order to jump the connector
* The Telemetry connector which brings the battery cables to the Tracker along side a UART connection. The telemetry has the pins already switched in respect of the main board, so no null modem cable is required

=== USB port ===
A USB type-c port is available on the side of the board. This may be blocked during assembly of the avionics bay. It is used for programming the board and recovering file in case of a filesystem in the FLASH memory.

=== Expansion Connector ===
[[File:Ulysses Expansion Connector.png|alt=Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic|thumb|Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic]]

a 24-pin connector has been left open and unconnected to support future expansion to the board or "hacked" solutions to everyday problems, especially when dealing with near-deadline problems.

It exposes multiple grounding pins, two battery voltage pins, a 3.3 Volts pin, the sensor SPI bus, an I2C bus, a UART interface and some GPIO pins, including some with ADC capabilities.

It may be left unpopulated, required soldering to fit any external connection, or may be mounted with a DuPont pin header (male or female)

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

==== Problems ====
The first revision suffered from multiple failures:

* Sensor pad were too small, with no consideration to the solder mask or the pad dimension. Only the IMU's soldered correctly.
* The Speaker had a unconnected pad, making it useless
* The wrong footprint for the USB was used, resulting in the lack of the underlying hole

==== Soldered Boards ====
we only soldered one, the id n.1. It now lives on the graveyard panel in the lab

=== Rev 2.0 ===

==== Problems ====

* Sensor pad were still to small, resulting in low soldering reliability. Every sensor soldered, but we could never get a single board with every sensor soldered
* every NMOS had the gate and drain pin inverted
* we forgot to order the PMOS mosfet controlling the servo
* The Resistor packs filtering the SD channels had the wrong footprint, resulting inverted connections

==== Soldered Boards ====
we soldered 3 boards: id n.2,3,4

=== Rev 2.2 ===
Changes have been made from the rev 2.0 in order to comply to the [https://www.st.com/resource/en/technical_note/tn0018-surface-mounting-guidelines-for-mems-sensors-in-an-lga-package-stmicroelectronics.pdf TN0018] technical note from ST-Microelectronics on the sensor footprints. Also, an additional backup barometer and magnetometer have been added, as they have represented the biggest soldering challenge.

==== Soldered Boards ====
the n.5 was a complete assembly, lacking only the connectors. An over-application of solder paste resulted in a sensor failure and a short of the SPI bus. rework solved the short, but only one of the two IMU ended up working. The rest of the sensor pack failed to respond to SPI calls. Also a problem with the n-mos controlling the speaker was detected, creating a 250 mA load, and overheating the speaker. This has been solved removing the n-mos controlling the speaker.

SMD Soldering Guide

2025-04-11T21:19:57Z

Neon: init

This guide is meant to help in the soldering of SMD components on PCBs. A single board could be composed of two side, with only one being SMD. This guide is not meant to help in the soldering of boards with SMD components on both sides, as for such processes a soldering oven is needed.

== Before Soldering ==

=== Solder paste prepping ===
There are multiple guidelines to use when selecting the proper solder paste, but they are not the focus of these guide.

Once a solder paste is selected it is advisable to keep it refrigerated, as per datasheet recommendation. If using a refrigerated paste, reserve 10 minutes to heat it up uniformly to ambient temperature.

When using a tub to store the paste (and not a syringe) it is advisable to mix the paste for a long time, until it feels fluid again. This is necessary to properly mix the flux with the solder, as it may separate if standing still for too long.

=== Board and stencil prepping ===
It is advisable to clean both the board and the stencil with isopropil alchool (>90°).

==== Stencil pre-heating ====

==== Stencil application ====

=== Component placement ===

== Reflow Curve ==

== Fisnishing ==

Electronics

2025-04-11T20:36:51Z

Neon: /* Guides: */

Electronics

2025-04-11T20:30:42Z

Neon: /* Guides: */

=== Guides: ===

* [[Soldering Guide]]
* [[Rework Guide]]
* [[Telemetry Guide]]
* [[Mosfet Guide]]

=== Open Projects: ===
* [[Ulysses Flight Computer]]
* [[Telemacus Radio and GPS Tracker]]

=== COTS hardware: ===

* [[CATS Vega]]
* [[FeatherWeight Blue Raven]]
* [[FeatherWeight GPS Tracker]]

=== Past Projects: ===
* RTT2 Flight Computer + GPS Tracker

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-10T23:31:47Z

Neon: /* Rev 2.2 */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
[[File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic|thumb|Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic]]
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

The RP2350B is a dual core ARM-M33 '''or''' Hazard-3 RISV-V micro-controller with 520Kb of SRAM and 16 Mb of external FLASH memory. It has a flexible clock, varying from 150 MHz up to 200 MHz.

It supports up to 2x SPI hardware channels, 2x I2C hardware channels 2x UART hardware channels and 4x ADC devices with 12 bits of resolution. It supports 48 GPIO pins with connection to 3 PIO blocks.

==== programming the controller with a .uf2 file ====
The Stamp XL has 2 buttons marked "reset" and "boot". In order to program the board it must be powered on from the off state while holding the "boot" button.

Once on, the board will appear as an external storage (like a usb stick) on any externally connected computer trough usb.

In this state it is possible to program the board by dragging the relevat ".uf2" file inside the fake external storage. As soon as the file upload will complete, the board will automatically reset and start with the program. At least one power reset is advisable afterward to ensure the board is in the correct state.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulator]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

===== expected Power usage =====
While idle the board is expected to not consume any power.

=== Sensors ===

===== lis3mdl =====
This is a 3-axis magnetometer from STMicroelectronics.

===== lso6dso32 =====
This is a package with a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope. It is often referred as the "IMU", or "Inertial Reference Unit".

===== bmp390 =====
This is a precision barometer

=== Pyro Channels ===
[[File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet|thumb|Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet]]
The Board currently host the capability for connecting up to two pyro channels. The circuit is split between a high side and a low side in order to check fo the continuity of the pyros.

We use a VND5160 automotive switch as the high side mosfet because it can limit the maximum current passing trough the channels to 5 Amps. This prevents a brownout of the board in case of a pyro short circuit, while ensuring the proper activation of every channel.

To check for continuity on one of the pyro, the proper high side switch must be open, while the low side must be kept closed. A voltage different than 0 on the "pyro_check" pin should be correlated to the presence of continuity on the proper channel.

To fire one of the channels, the low side and the appropriate high side switch must be turn on at the same time.

Power for the pyro channels comes from the "V_PYRO" net, which can be connected to the main battery or to an external battery with the correct setup of the pyro Nanofit connector at the base of the board depending on the need of the vehicle.

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

===== Molex Nanoftis =====
[[File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png|alt=Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections|thumb|Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections]]
There are 3 Molex Nanofit connector, dedicated to the power management of the vechile and the connection to the Tracker:

* The Battery connector with connections to the battery lead
* The Pyro connector, which could be used to connect an external battery to use for the pyros or could be jumped to use the main battery. A specific connector should be made in order to jump the connector
* The Telemetry connector which brings the battery cables to the Tracker along side a UART connection. The telemetry has the pins already switched in respect of the main board, so no null modem cable is required

=== USB port ===
A USB type-c port is available on the side of the board. This may be blocked during assembly of the avionics bay. It is used for programming the board and recovering file in case of a filesystem in the FLASH memory.

=== Expansion Connector ===
[[File:Ulysses Expansion Connector.png|alt=Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic|thumb|Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic]]

a 24-pin connector has been left open and unconnected to support future expansion to the board or "hacked" solutions to everyday problems, especially when dealing with near-deadline problems.

It exposes multiple grounding pins, two battery voltage pins, a 3.3 Volts pin, the sensor SPI bus, an I2C bus, a UART interface and some GPIO pins, including some with ADC capabilities.

It may be left unpopulated, required soldering to fit any external connection, or may be mounted with a DuPont pin header (male or female)

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

==== Problems ====
The first revision suffered from multiple failures:

* Sensor pad were too small, with no consideration to the solder mask or the pad dimension. Only the IMU's soldered correctly.
* The Speaker had a unconnected pad, making it useless
* The wrong footprint for the USB was used, resulting in the lack of the underlying hole

==== Soldered Boards ====
we only soldered one, the id n.1. It now lives on the graveyard panel in the lab

=== Rev 2.0 ===

==== Problems ====

* Sensor pad were still to small, resulting in low soldering reliability. Every sensor soldered, but we could never get a single board with every sensor soldered
* every NMOS had the gate and drain pin inverted
* we forgot to order the PMOS mosfet controlling the servo
* The Resistor packs filtering the SD channels had the wrong footprint, resulting inverted connections

==== Soldered Boards ====
we soldered 3 boards: id n.2,3,4

=== Rev 2.2 ===
Changes have been made from the rev 2.0 in order to comply to the [https://www.st.com/resource/en/technical_note/tn0018-surface-mounting-guidelines-for-mems-sensors-in-an-lga-package-stmicroelectronics.pdf TN0018] technical note from ST-Microelectronics on the sensor footprints. Also, an additional backup barometer and magnetometer have been added, as they have represented the biggest soldering challenge.

==== Soldered Boards ====
the n.5 was a complete assembly, lacking only the connectors. An over-application of solder paste resulted in a sensor failure and a short of the SPI bus. rework solved the short, but only one of the two IMU ended up working. The rest of the sensor pack failed to respond to SPI calls. Also a problem with the n-mos controlling the speaker was detected, creating a 250 mA load, and overheating the speaker. This has been solved removing the n-mos controlling the speaker.

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-10T21:52:45Z

Neon: /* USB port */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
[[File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic|thumb|Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic]]
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

The RP2350B is a dual core ARM-M33 '''or''' Hazard-3 RISV-V micro-controller with 520Kb of SRAM and 16 Mb of external FLASH memory. It has a flexible clock, varying from 150 MHz up to 200 MHz.

It supports up to 2x SPI hardware channels, 2x I2C hardware channels 2x UART hardware channels and 4x ADC devices with 12 bits of resolution. It supports 48 GPIO pins with connection to 3 PIO blocks.

==== programming the controller with a .uf2 file ====
The Stamp XL has 2 buttons marked "reset" and "boot". In order to program the board it must be powered on from the off state while holding the "boot" button.

Once on, the board will appear as an external storage (like a usb stick) on any externally connected computer trough usb.

In this state it is possible to program the board by dragging the relevat ".uf2" file inside the fake external storage. As soon as the file upload will complete, the board will automatically reset and start with the program. At least one power reset is advisable afterward to ensure the board is in the correct state.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulator]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

===== expected Power usage =====
While idle the board is expected to not consume any power.

=== Sensors ===

===== lis3mdl =====
This is a 3-axis magnetometer from STMicroelectronics.

===== lso6dso32 =====
This is a package with a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope. It is often referred as the "IMU", or "Inertial Reference Unit".

===== bmp390 =====
This is a precision barometer

=== Pyro Channels ===
[[File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet|thumb|Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet]]
The Board currently host the capability for connecting up to two pyro channels. The circuit is split between a high side and a low side in order to check fo the continuity of the pyros.

We use a VND5160 automotive switch as the high side mosfet because it can limit the maximum current passing trough the channels to 5 Amps. This prevents a brownout of the board in case of a pyro short circuit, while ensuring the proper activation of every channel.

To check for continuity on one of the pyro, the proper high side switch must be open, while the low side must be kept closed. A voltage different than 0 on the "pyro_check" pin should be correlated to the presence of continuity on the proper channel.

To fire one of the channels, the low side and the appropriate high side switch must be turn on at the same time.

Power for the pyro channels comes from the "V_PYRO" net, which can be connected to the main battery or to an external battery with the correct setup of the pyro Nanofit connector at the base of the board depending on the need of the vehicle.

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

===== Molex Nanoftis =====
[[File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png|alt=Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections|thumb|Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections]]
There are 3 Molex Nanofit connector, dedicated to the power management of the vechile and the connection to the Tracker:

* The Battery connector with connections to the battery lead
* The Pyro connector, which could be used to connect an external battery to use for the pyros or could be jumped to use the main battery. A specific connector should be made in order to jump the connector
* The Telemetry connector which brings the battery cables to the Tracker along side a UART connection. The telemetry has the pins already switched in respect of the main board, so no null modem cable is required

=== USB port ===
A USB type-c port is available on the side of the board. This may be blocked during assembly of the avionics bay. It is used for programming the board and recovering file in case of a filesystem in the FLASH memory.

=== Expansion Connector ===
[[File:Ulysses Expansion Connector.png|alt=Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic|thumb|Ulysses Expansion Connector Schematic]]

a 24-pin connector has been left open and unconnected to support future expansion to the board or "hacked" solutions to everyday problems, especially when dealing with near-deadline problems.

It exposes multiple grounding pins, two battery voltage pins, a 3.3 Volts pin, the sensor SPI bus, an I2C bus, a UART interface and some GPIO pins, including some with ADC capabilities.

It may be left unpopulated, required soldering to fit any external connection, or may be mounted with a DuPont pin header (male or female)

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

==== Problems ====
The first revision suffered from multiple failures:

* Sensor pad were too small, with no consideration to the solder mask or the pad dimension. Only the IMU's soldered correctly.
* The Speaker had a unconnected pad, making it useless
* The wrong footprint for the USB was used, resulting in the lack of the underlying hole

==== Soldered Boards ====
we only soldered one, the id n.1. It now lives on the graveyard panel in the lab

=== Rev 2.0 ===

==== Problems ====

* Sensor pad were still to small, resulting in low soldering reliability. Every sensor soldered, but we could never get a single board with every sensor soldered
* every NMOS had the gate and drain pin inverted
* we forgot to order the PMOS mosfet controlling the servo
* The Resistor packs filtering the SD channels had the wrong footprint, resulting inverted connections

==== Soldered Boards ====
we soldered 3 boards: id n.2,3,4

=== Rev 2.2 ===
Changes have been made from the rev 2.0 in order to comply to the [https://www.st.com/resource/en/technical_note/tn0018-surface-mounting-guidelines-for-mems-sensors-in-an-lga-package-stmicroelectronics.pdf TN0018] technical note from ST-Microelectronics on the sensor footprints.

==== Soldered Boards ====
the n.5 was a complete assembly, lacking only the connectors. An over-application of solder paste resulted in a sensor failure and a short of the SPI bus. rework solved the short, but only one of the two IMU ended up working. The rest of the sensor pack failed to respond to SPI calls. Also a problem with the n-mos controlling the speaker was detected, creating a 250 mA load, and overheating the speaker. This has been solved removing the n-mos controlling the speaker.

File:Ulysses Expansion Connector.png

2025-04-10T21:48:42Z

Neon:

Ulysses Expansion Connector

Electronics

2025-04-10T21:43:52Z

Neon:

=== Guides: ===

* [[Soldering Guide]]
* [[Telemetry Guide]]
* [[Mosfet Guide]]

=== Open Projects: ===
* [[Ulysses Flight Computer]]
* [[Telemacus Radio and GPS Tracker]]

=== COTS hardware: ===

* [[CATS Vega]]
* [[FeatherWeight Blue Raven]]
* [[FeatherWeight GPS Tracker]]

=== Past Projects: ===
* RTT2 Flight Computer + GPS Tracker

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-10T21:42:09Z

Neon: /* Pyro Channels */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
[[File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic|thumb|Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic]]
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

The RP2350B is a dual core ARM-M33 '''or''' Hazard-3 RISV-V micro-controller with 520Kb of SRAM and 16 Mb of external FLASH memory. It has a flexible clock, varying from 150 MHz up to 200 MHz.

It supports up to 2x SPI hardware channels, 2x I2C hardware channels 2x UART hardware channels and 4x ADC devices with 12 bits of resolution. It supports 48 GPIO pins with connection to 3 PIO blocks.

==== programming the controller with a .uf2 file ====
The Stamp XL has 2 buttons marked "reset" and "boot". In order to program the board it must be powered on from the off state while holding the "boot" button.

Once on, the board will appear as an external storage (like a usb stick) on any externally connected computer trough usb.

In this state it is possible to program the board by dragging the relevat ".uf2" file inside the fake external storage. As soon as the file upload will complete, the board will automatically reset and start with the program. At least one power reset is advisable afterward to ensure the board is in the correct state.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulator]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

===== expected Power usage =====
While idle the board is expected to not consume any power.

=== Sensors ===

===== lis3mdl =====
This is a 3-axis magnetometer from STMicroelectronics.

===== lso6dso32 =====
This is a package with a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis gyroscope. It is often referred as the "IMU", or "Inertial Reference Unit".

===== bmp390 =====
This is a precision barometer

=== Pyro Channels ===
[[File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png|alt=Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet|thumb|Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet]]
The Board currently host the capability for connecting up to two pyro channels. The circuit is split between a high side and a low side in order to check fo the continuity of the pyros.

We use a VND5160 automotive switch as the high side mosfet because it can limit the maximum current passing trough the channels to 5 Amps. This prevents a brownout of the board in case of a pyro short circuit, while ensuring the proper activation of every channel.

To check for continuity on one of the pyro, the proper high side switch must be open, while the low side must be kept closed. A voltage different than 0 on the "pyro_check" pin should be correlated to the presence of continuity on the proper channel.

To fire one of the channels, the low side and the appropriate high side switch must be turn on at the same time.

Power for the pyro channels comes from the "V_PYRO" net, which can be connected to the main battery or to an external battery with the correct setup of the pyro Nanofit connector at the base of the board depending on the need of the vehicle.

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

===== Molex Nanoftis =====
[[File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png|alt=Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections|thumb|Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections]]
There are 3 Molex Nanofit connector, dedicated to the power management of the vechile and the connection to the Tracker:

* The Battery connector with connections to the battery lead
* The Pyro connector, which could be used to connect an external battery to use for the pyros or could be jumped to use the main battery. A specific connector should be made in order to jump the connector
* The Telemetry connector which brings the battery cables to the Tracker along side a UART connection. The telemetry has the pins already switched in respect of the main board, so no null modem cable is required

=== USB port ===
A USB type-c port is available on the side of the board. This may be blocked during assembly of the avionics bay. It is used for programming the board and recovering file in case of a filesystem in the FLASH memory.

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

==== Problems ====
The first revision suffered from multiple failures:

* Sensor pad were too small, with no consideration to the solder mask or the pad dimension. Only the IMU's soldered correctly.
* The Speaker had a unconnected pad, making it useless
* The wrong footprint for the USB was used, resulting in the lack of the underlying hole

==== Soldered Boards ====
we only soldered one, the id n.1. It now lives on the graveyard panel in the lab

=== Rev 2.0 ===

==== Problems ====

* Sensor pad were still to small, resulting in low soldering reliability. Every sensor soldered, but we could never get a single board with every sensor soldered
* every NMOS had the gate and drain pin inverted
* we forgot to order the PMOS mosfet controlling the servo
* The Resistor packs filtering the SD channels had the wrong footprint, resulting inverted connections

==== Soldered Boards ====
we soldered 3 boards: id n.2,3,4

=== Rev 2.2 ===
Changes have been made from the rev 2.0 in order to comply to the [https://www.st.com/resource/en/technical_note/tn0018-surface-mounting-guidelines-for-mems-sensors-in-an-lga-package-stmicroelectronics.pdf TN0018] technical note from ST-Microelectronics on the sensor footprints.

==== Soldered Boards ====
the n.5 was a complete assembly, lacking only the connectors. An over-application of solder paste resulted in a sensor failure and a short of the SPI bus. rework solved the short, but only one of the two IMU ended up working. The rest of the sensor pack failed to respond to SPI calls. Also a problem with the n-mos controlling the speaker was detected, creating a 250 mA load, and overheating the speaker. This has been solved removing the n-mos controlling the speaker.

File:Ulysses Pyro Schematic.png

2025-04-10T21:29:34Z

Neon:

Ulysses Pyro Schematic showing the connection for the VND automotive switch and the low side mosfet

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-10T21:22:37Z

Neon: /* Rev 2.2 */

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-10T21:08:34Z

Neon: /* Soldered Boards */

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-10T16:42:44Z

Neon: /* Soldered Boards */

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-10T15:43:16Z

Neon: /* Rev 1.0 */

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-10T08:46:24Z

Neon: /* Controller */

File:Ulysses Molex Nanofit.png

2025-04-10T08:33:31Z

Neon:

Ulysses Molex Nanofit schematic for battery and pyro connections

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-09T22:40:55Z

Neon: typo

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-09T22:40:06Z

Neon: added stamp xl connection diagram

File:Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic.png

2025-04-09T22:39:30Z

Neon:

Ulysses Flight Computer Stamp connection schematic

Telemacus Radio and GPS Tracker

2025-04-09T22:37:28Z

Neon: init

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
The Tracker is controlled by either a [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/RP2040-Tiny RP2040-Tiny] or a [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/RP2350-Tiny RP2350-Tiny] micro-controller board. As the board doesn't handle big computation, they are interchangeable. They may be recognizable by the inscription on the controller chip, as the RP2350 has a "RP2350" written on it.

=== Power Supply ===

=== Radio ===

=== GPS ===

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

== History ==

=== Rev 1 ===

=== Rev 2 ===

Electronics

2025-04-09T22:05:37Z

Neon: reorder

Open Projects:

* [[Ulysses Flight Computer]]
* [[Telemacus Radio and GPS Tracker]]

Past Projects:

* RTT2 Flight Computer + GPS Tracker

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-09T21:57:54Z

Neon: /* Controller */

== Components ==

=== Controller ===
The board uses a [https://www.solder.party/docs/rp2350-stamp-xl/ RP2350 Stamp XL] from solder party that, other than the micro-controller, mounts:

* 16 Mb of external FLASH
* 500 mA 3.3V LDO
* Footprints for external SWD and UART JST connectors

The Stamp has been chosen for the ease of mounting and for a lack of a commercially available RP2350 board / chip at the time of design. The main downside is the dimensions of the castellated board, which define the board layout.

=== Power Supply ===
[[File:MPM3610 Implementation.png|alt=Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor|thumb|Implementation in the schematic of the MPM3610 Switching Regulatoor]]
The Ulysses flight computer uses an [https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/127/631/original/MPM3610GQV-Z.pdf?1707519066 MPM3610] switching regulator with a maximum load of 1.2 A. This converts the +BATT voltage down to +5V. The voltage is then lowered by the Stamp internal LDO down to +3.3V.

=== Sensors ===

===== lis3mdl =====

===== lso6dso32 =====

===== bmp390 =====

=== Pyro Channels ===

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

=== Rev 2.0 ===

=== Rev 2.2 ===

File:MPM3610 Implementation.png

2025-04-09T21:57:02Z

Neon:

The implementation for the MPM3610 Switching regulator on the Ulysses Flight Computer schematic

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-09T21:40:00Z

Neon: init structure

== Components ==

=== Controller ===

=== Power Supply ===

=== Sensors ===

=== Pyro Channels ===

=== I/O Ports & Connectors ===

== History ==

=== Rev 1.0 ===

=== Rev 2.0 ===

=== Rev 2.2 ===

Ulysses Flight Computer

2025-04-09T21:32:28Z

Neon: init

Main Page

2025-04-09T21:24:29Z

Neon: added department lists

<strong>MediaWiki.</strong>

Consult the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

=== Deparments ===

* [[Electronics]]
* [[Software]]
* [[Mission Analysis]]
* [[Control]]

== Getting started ==
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/mediawiki-announce.lists.wikimedia.org/ MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Combating_spam Learn how to combat spam on your wiki]

Electronics

2025-04-09T21:13:22Z

Neon: init page

Open Projects:

[[Ulysses Flight Computer]]

[[Telemacus Radio and GPS Tracker]]

Past Projects: